Dhanteras is a Hindu festival that marks the beginning of the five-day Diwali festival celebration. It is typically observed on the 13th day of the dark fortnight of the month of Ashwin (usually in October or November), according to the Hindu lunar calendar. Dhanteras is also known as “Dhanatrayodashi” or “Dhanvantari Trayodashi.”
The word “Dhanteras” is derived from two Sanskrit words: “Dhana,” which means wealth, and “Teras,” which means the thirteenth day. On this day, people celebrate wealth and prosperity by performing various customs and rituals. Here are some key aspects of Dhanteras:
- Buying and Gifting Gold and Silver: It is a common tradition to buy gold, silver, and other precious metals or items on Dhanteras. People believe that purchasing such items on this auspicious day brings prosperity and good fortune.
- Cleaning and Decorating Homes: People clean and decorate their homes to welcome Goddess Lakshmi, the Hindu goddess of wealth and prosperity. Lamps and diyas (oil lamps) are lit to symbolize the victory of light over darkness and the dispelling of ignorance.
- Rangoli: Elaborate rangoli designs are created at the entrance of homes to add to the festive atmosphere.
- Prayers and Offerings: Devotees offer prayers and special pujas (worship rituals) to seek the blessings of Lord Dhanvantari (the god of medicine) and Goddess Lakshmi for health, wealth, and prosperity.
- Lighting Lamps: Lighting oil lamps or diyas is an integral part of the Dhanteras celebrations. It is believed to drive away negativity and invite positive energy into the home.
- Story of Dhanvantari: People also listen to the story of Lord Dhanvantari, who emerged from the churning of the cosmic ocean (Samudra Manthan) with a pot of amrita (nectar) in his hand. He is considered the source of Ayurveda, the ancient system of Indian medicine.
- Buying Kitchen Utensils: In some regions, it is customary to purchase new kitchen utensils or appliances on Dhanteras, symbolizing a fresh start and prosperity in the kitchen.
- Exchanging Gifts: Families and friends often exchange gifts and sweets during Dhanteras to share the joy of the festival.
Dhanteras is an auspicious day for starting new ventures, making investments, and bringing home wealth in various forms. It sets the tone for the Diwali festival, which follows in the subsequent days and culminates in the celebration of light and the victory of good over evil.