Katyayani Vratam, a Puja dedicated to Goddess Kathyayani, is observed during Dhanurmasam or Dhanu month in South India. In 2023-2024, Katyayani Vrata starts on 17 December 2023 and ends on 14 January 2024. In some places, the Vrata is observed in Margashirsh month and in some places during Dhanurmasam.
The Lunar month of Margashirsha month is considered as Dhanumasam or Margali masam in Solar calendar. Mentioned in the Bhagavata Purana, Devi Mahatmyam, Taittiriya Aranyaka, part of the Krishna Yajurveda, and Skanda Purana, Katyayani Vrat is of great significance and spiritual importance.
The Bhagavata Purana mentioned the legend or story or vrat katha of Katyayani Vrata during which young marriageable girls (gopis or gopikas) of Gokula in Braja, took Goddess Katyayani vrata to get Lord Sri Krishna as their husband.
It is observed in the month of Margashirsha which coincides with the Solar month of Dhanurmasam. In Tamil Nadu, Katyayani Vrata is known as Pavai Nombu or Margali Nombu which starts on Dhanur Sankranthi day and ends on the first day of the Tamil month of Thai masam.
Goddess Katyayani is the sixth form of Navadurga who is worshipped on the sixth day during Navaratri. In Shaktism, she is associated with Goddess Chandi and Bhadrakali and other fierce Goddesses.
I heard somewhere that katyayani vrata is also done on every tuesday. I think there is no specific month to worship katyayani who is known for her fierceness.
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Mujhe margashish month mein Jo katyayani devi ke vrate ke bare mein jankari chahi yeh, Jo vratr pure margashish month mein kiya jata hey. Rules, regulations, fast rules…anything.Mein Maharashtrian hop I am Hindu maratha.